The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening cup on fourteen different times.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice in the closing moments to take a shock lead. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital leveler in the final seconds to send the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing penalty victory.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last thirteen years.